¿Cómo simulo un dado sesgado en Python?

Solución:

Un poco de matemáticas aquí.

Un dado regular dará a cada número 1-6 con la misma probabilidad, es decir 1/6. Esto se conoce como distribución uniforme (la versión discreta de la misma, a diferencia de la versión continua). Lo que significa que si X es una variable aleatoria que describe el resultado de un solo rol, entonces X~U[1,6] – sentido X se distribuye por igual contra todos los resultados posibles de la tirada del dado, del 1 al 6.

Esto es igual a elegir un número en [0,1) while dividing it into 6 sections: [0,1/6), [1/6,2/6), [2/6,3/6), [3/6,4/6), [4/6,5/6), [5/6,1).

You are requesting a different distribution, which is biased.
The easiest way to achieve this is to divide the section [0,1) to 6 parts depending on the bias you want. So in your case you would want to divide it into the following:
[0,0.2), [0.2,0.4), [0.4,0.55), 0.55,0.7), [0.7,0.84), [0.84,1).

If you take a look at the wikipedia entry, you will see that in this case, the cumulative probability function will not be composed of 6 equal-length parts but rather of 6 parts which differ in length according to the bias you gave them. Same goes for the mass distribution.

Back to the question, depending on the language you are using, translate this back to your die roll. In Python, here is a very sketchy, albeit working, example:

import random
sampleMassDist = (0.2, 0.1, 0.15, 0.15, 0.25, 0.15)
# assume sum of bias is 1
def roll(massDist):
    randRoll = random.random() # in [0,1]
    
    suma = 0 resultado = 1 para masa en massDist: suma + = masa si randRoll 

0.00 - 0.20   1
0.20 - 0.40   2
0.40 - 0.55   3
0.55 - 0.70   4
0.70 - 0.84   5
0.84 - 1.00   6

import random

def roll(sides, bias_list):
    assert len(bias_list) == sides
    number = random.uniform(0, sum(bias_list))
    current = 0
    for i, bias in enumerate(bias_list):
        current += bias
        if number <= current:
            return i + 1

>>> print roll(6, (0.20, 0.20, 0.15, 0.15, 0.14, 0.16))
6
>>> print roll(6, (0.20, 0.20, 0.15, 0.15, 0.14, 0.16))
2

>>> print roll(6, (10, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1))
5
>>> print roll(6, (10, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1))
1
>>> print roll(6, (10, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1))
1
>>> print roll(6, (10, 5, 5, 10, 4, 8))
2
>>> print roll(6, (1,) * 6)
4