Solución:
No, nada incorporado (hasta Excel 2013 – vea esta respuesta).
Hay tres versiones de URLEncode() en esta respuesta.
- Una función compatible con UTF-8. Probablemente deberías usar este (o la implementación alternativa de Tom) para compatibilidad con los requisitos modernos.
- Para fines educativos y de referencia, dos funciones sin soporte UTF-8:
- uno que se encuentra en un sitio web de terceros, incluido tal cual. (Esta fue la primera versión de la respuesta)
- una versión optimizada de eso, escrita por mí
Una variante que admite la codificación UTF-8 y se basa en ADODB.Stream (incluya una referencia a una versión reciente de la biblioteca “Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects” en su proyecto):
Public Function URLEncode( _
ByVal StringVal As String, _
Optional SpaceAsPlus As Boolean = False _
) As String
Dim bytes() As Byte, b As Byte, i As Integer, space As String
If SpaceAsPlus Then space = "+" Else space = "%20"
If Len(StringVal) > 0 Then
With New ADODB.Stream
.Mode = adModeReadWrite
.Type = adTypeText
.Charset = "UTF-8"
.Open
.WriteText StringVal
.Position = 0
.Type = adTypeBinary
.Position = 3 ' skip BOM
bytes = .Read
End With
ReDim result(UBound(bytes)) As String
For i = UBound(bytes) To 0 Step -1
b = bytes(i)
Select Case b
Case 97 To 122, 65 To 90, 48 To 57, 45, 46, 95, 126
result(i) = Chr(b)
Case 32
result(i) = space
Case 0 To 15
result(i) = "%0" & Hex(b)
Case Else
result(i) = "%" & Hex(b)
End Select
Next i
URLEncode = Join(result, "")
End If
End Function
Esta función se encontró en freevbcode.com:
Public Function URLEncode( _
StringToEncode As String, _
Optional UsePlusRatherThanHexForSpace As Boolean = False _
) As String
Dim TempAns As String
Dim CurChr As Integer
CurChr = 1
Do Until CurChr - 1 = Len(StringToEncode)
Select Case Asc(Mid(StringToEncode, CurChr, 1))
Case 48 To 57, 65 To 90, 97 To 122
TempAns = TempAns & Mid(StringToEncode, CurChr, 1)
Case 32
If UsePlusRatherThanHexForSpace = True Then
TempAns = TempAns & "+"
Else
TempAns = TempAns & "%" & Hex(32)
End If
Case Else
TempAns = TempAns & "%" & _
Right("0" & Hex(Asc(Mid(StringToEncode, _
CurChr, 1))), 2)
End Select
CurChr = CurChr + 1
Loop
URLEncode = TempAns
End Function
He corregido un pequeño error que estaba ahí.
Usaría una versión más eficiente (~ 2 × más rápida) de lo anterior:
Public Function URLEncode( _
StringVal As String, _
Optional SpaceAsPlus As Boolean = False _
) As String
Dim StringLen As Long: StringLen = Len(StringVal)
If StringLen > 0 Then
ReDim result(StringLen) As String
Dim i As Long, CharCode As Integer
Dim Char As String, Space As String
If SpaceAsPlus Then Space = "+" Else Space = "%20"
For i = 1 To StringLen
Char = Mid$(StringVal, i, 1)
CharCode = Asc(Char)
Select Case CharCode
Case 97 To 122, 65 To 90, 48 To 57, 45, 46, 95, 126
result(i) = Char
Case 32
result(i) = Space
Case 0 To 15
result(i) = "%0" & Hex(CharCode)
Case Else
result(i) = "%" & Hex(CharCode)
End Select
Next i
URLEncode = Join(result, "")
End If
End Function
Tenga en cuenta que ninguna de estas dos funciones admite la codificación UTF-8.
En aras de actualizar esto, desde Excel 2013 ahora hay una forma incorporada de codificar URL utilizando la función de hoja de trabajo ENCODEURL.
Para usarlo en su código VBA, solo necesita llamar
EncodedUrl = WorksheetFunction.EncodeUrl(InputString)
Documentación
Versión de lo anterior compatible con UTF8:
Private Const CP_UTF8 = 65001
#If VBA7 Then
Private Declare PtrSafe Function WideCharToMultiByte Lib "kernel32" ( _
ByVal CodePage As Long, _
ByVal dwFlags As Long, _
ByVal lpWideCharStr As LongPtr, _
ByVal cchWideChar As Long, _
ByVal lpMultiByteStr As LongPtr, _
ByVal cbMultiByte As Long, _
ByVal lpDefaultChar As Long, _
ByVal lpUsedDefaultChar As Long _
) As Long
#Else
Private Declare Function WideCharToMultiByte Lib "kernel32" ( _
ByVal CodePage As Long, _
ByVal dwFlags As Long, _
ByVal lpWideCharStr As Long, _
ByVal cchWideChar As Long, _
ByVal lpMultiByteStr As Long, _
ByVal cbMultiByte As Long, _
ByVal lpDefaultChar As Long, _
ByVal lpUsedDefaultChar As Long _
) As Long
#End If
Public Function UTF16To8(ByVal UTF16 As String) As String
Dim sBuffer As String
Dim lLength As Long
If UTF16 <> "" Then
#If VBA7 Then
lLength = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, CLngPtr(StrPtr(UTF16)), -1, 0, 0, 0, 0)
#Else
lLength = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, StrPtr(UTF16), -1, 0, 0, 0, 0)
#End If
sBuffer = Space$(lLength)
#If VBA7 Then
lLength = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, CLngPtr(StrPtr(UTF16)), -1, CLngPtr(StrPtr(sBuffer)), LenB(sBuffer), 0, 0)
#Else
lLength = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, StrPtr(UTF16), -1, StrPtr(sBuffer), LenB(sBuffer), 0, 0)
#End If
sBuffer = StrConv(sBuffer, vbUnicode)
UTF16To8 = Left$(sBuffer, lLength - 1)
Else
UTF16To8 = ""
End If
End Function
Public Function URLEncode( _
StringVal As String, _
Optional SpaceAsPlus As Boolean = False, _
Optional UTF8Encode As Boolean = True _
) As String
Dim StringValCopy As String: StringValCopy = IIf(UTF8Encode, UTF16To8(StringVal), StringVal)
Dim StringLen As Long: StringLen = Len(StringValCopy)
If StringLen > 0 Then
ReDim Result(StringLen) As String
Dim I As Long, CharCode As Integer
Dim Char As String, Space As String
If SpaceAsPlus Then Space = "+" Else Space = "%20"
For I = 1 To StringLen
Char = Mid$(StringValCopy, I, 1)
CharCode = Asc(Char)
Select Case CharCode
Case 97 To 122, 65 To 90, 48 To 57, 45, 46, 95, 126
Result(I) = Char
Case 32
Result(I) = Space
Case 0 To 15
Result(I) = "%0" & Hex(CharCode)
Case Else
Result(I) = "%" & Hex(CharCode)
End Select
Next I
URLEncode = Join(Result, "")
End If
End Function
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