¿Cómo enviar un correo electrónico con un archivo PDF adjunto en Python?

Solución:

En este caso, crea un mensaje con un paquete de correo electrónico:

from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.MIMEImage import MIMEImage
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg.attach(MIMEText(open("/home/myuser/sample.pdf").read()))

y luego envíe el mensaje.

import smtplib
mailer = smtplib.SMTP()
mailer.connect()
mailer.sendmail(from_, to, msg.as_string())
mailer.close()

Varios ejemplos aquí: http://docs.python.org/library/email-examples.html

ACTUALIZAR

Actualizar el enlace desde lo anterior produce un 404 https://docs.python.org/2/library/email-examples.html. Gracias @Tshirtman

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Update2: la forma más sencilla de adjuntar pdf

Para adjuntar el pdf usa la bandera pdf:

def send_email_pdf_figs(path_to_pdf, subject, message, destination, password_path=None):
    ## credits: http://linuxcursor.com/python-programming/06-how-to-send-pdf-ppt-attachment-with-html-body-in-python-script
    from socket import gethostname
    #import email
    from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
    from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
    from email.mime.text import MIMEText
    import smtplib
    import json

    server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
    server.starttls()
    with open(password_path) as f:
        config = json.load(f)
        server.login('[email protected]', config['password'])
        # Craft message (obj)
        msg = MIMEMultipart()

        message = f'{message}nSend from Hostname: {gethostname()}'
        msg['Subject'] = subject
        msg['From'] = '[email protected]'
        msg['To'] = destination
        # Insert the text to the msg going by e-mail
        msg.attach(MIMEText(message, "plain"))
        # Attach the pdf to the msg going by e-mail
        with open(path_to_pdf, "rb") as f:
            #attach = email.mime.application.MIMEApplication(f.read(),_subtype="pdf")
            attach = MIMEApplication(f.read(),_subtype="pdf")
        attach.add_header('Content-Disposition','attachment',filename=str(path_to_pdf))
        msg.attach(attach)
        # send msg
        server.send_message(msg)

inspiraciones / créditos para: http://linuxcursor.com/python-programming/06-how-to-send-pdf-ppt-attachment-with-html-body-in-python-script

La forma recomendada es usar Python Email módulo para componer mensajes MIME con el formato adecuado. Ver documentos

Para python 2
https://docs.python.org/2/library/email-examples.html

Para python 3
https://docs.python.org/3/library/email.examples.html

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