Solución:
No tengo ni idea de por qué HttpURLConnection class no proporciona ningún medio para enviar archivos sin tener que componer el contenedor de archivos manualmente. Esto es lo que terminé haciendo, pero si alguien conoce una solución mejor, hágamelo saber.
Los datos de entrada:
Bitmap bitmap = myView.getBitmap();
Cosas estáticas:
String attachmentName = "bitmap";
String attachmentFileName = "bitmap.bmp";
String crlf = "rn";
String twoHyphens = "--";
String boundary = "*****";
Configurar la solicitud:
HttpURLConnection httpUrlConnection = null;
URL url = new URL("http://example.com/server.cgi");
httpUrlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
httpUrlConnection.setUseCaches(false);
httpUrlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
httpUrlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
httpUrlConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
httpUrlConnection.setRequestProperty("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
httpUrlConnection.setRequestProperty(
"Content-Type", "multipart/form-data;boundary=" + this.boundary);
Iniciar contenedor de contenido:
DataOutputStream request = new DataOutputStream(
httpUrlConnection.getOutputStream());
request.writeBytes(this.twoHyphens + this.boundary + this.crlf);
request.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; name="" +
this.attachmentName + "";filename="" +
this.attachmentFileName + """ + this.crlf);
request.writeBytes(this.crlf);
Convertir Bitmap para ByteBuffer:
//I want to send only 8 bit black & white bitmaps
byte[] pixels = new byte[bitmap.getWidth() * bitmap.getHeight()];
for (int i = 0; i < bitmap.getWidth(); ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < bitmap.getHeight(); ++j) {
//we're interested only in the MSB of the first byte,
//since the other 3 bytes are identical for B&W images
pixels[i + j] = (byte) ((bitmap.getPixel(i, j) & 0x80) >> 7);
}
}
request.write(pixels);
Envoltura de contenido final:
request.writeBytes(this.crlf);
request.writeBytes(this.twoHyphens + this.boundary +
this.twoHyphens + this.crlf);
Vaciar el búfer de salida:
request.flush();
request.close();
Obtener una respuesta:
InputStream responseStream = new
BufferedInputStream(httpUrlConnection.getInputStream());
BufferedReader responseStreamReader =
new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(responseStream));
String line = "";
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
while ((line = responseStreamReader.readLine()) != null) {
stringBuilder.append(line).append("n");
}
responseStreamReader.close();
String response = stringBuilder.toString();
Cerrar flujo de respuesta:
responseStream.close();
Cierra la conexión:
httpUrlConnection.disconnect();
PD: Por supuesto que tuve que envolver la solicitud en private class AsyncUploadBitmaps extends AsyncTask<Bitmap, Void, String>, para hacer feliz a la plataforma Android, porque no le gusta tener solicitudes de red en el hilo principal.
De hecho, encontré una mejor manera de enviar archivos usando HttpURLConnection usando MultipartEntity
private static String multipost(String urlString, MultipartEntity reqEntity) {
try {
URL url = new URL(urlString);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(10000);
conn.setConnectTimeout(15000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setUseCaches(false);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.addRequestProperty("Content-length", reqEntity.getContentLength()+"");
conn.addRequestProperty(reqEntity.getContentType().getName(), reqEntity.getContentType().getValue());
OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
reqEntity.writeTo(conn.getOutputStream());
os.close();
conn.connect();
if (conn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
return readStream(conn.getInputStream());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG, "multipart post error " + e + "(" + urlString + ")");
}
return null;
}
private static String readStream(InputStream in) {
BufferedReader reader = null;
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
try {
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String line = "";
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
builder.append(line);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return builder.toString();
}
Suponiendo que está cargando una imagen con datos de mapa de bits:
Bitmap bitmap = ...;
String filename = "filename.png";
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, bos);
ContentBody contentPart = new ByteArrayBody(bos.toByteArray(), filename);
MultipartEntity reqEntity = new MultipartEntity(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
reqEntity.addPart("picture", contentPart);
String response = multipost("http://server.com", reqEntity);
¡Y voilá! Los datos de su publicación contendrán un campo de imagen junto con el nombre del archivo y la ruta en su servidor.
Para cargar un archivo en el servidor con algún parámetro usando MultipartUtility de forma sencilla.
MultipartUtility.java
public class MultipartUtility {
private final String boundary;
private static final String LINE_FEED = "rn";
private HttpURLConnection httpConn;
private String charset;
private OutputStream outputStream;
private PrintWriter writer;
/**
* This constructor initializes a new HTTP POST request with content type
* is set to multipart/form-data
*
* @param requestURL
* @param charset
* @throws IOException
*/
public MultipartUtility(String requestURL, String charset)
throws IOException {
this.charset = charset;
// creates a unique boundary based on time stamp
boundary = "===" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "===";
URL url = new URL(requestURL);
Log.e("URL", "URL : " + requestURL.toString());
httpConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
httpConn.setUseCaches(false);
httpConn.setDoOutput(true); // indicates POST method
httpConn.setDoInput(true);
httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary);
httpConn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "CodeJava Agent");
httpConn.setRequestProperty("Test", "Bonjour");
outputStream = httpConn.getOutputStream();
writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, charset),
true);
}
/**
* Adds a form field to the request
*
* @param name field name
* @param value field value
*/
public void addFormField(String name, String value) {
writer.append("--" + boundary).append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name="" + name + """)
.append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append("Content-Type: text/plain; charset=" + charset).append(
LINE_FEED);
writer.append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append(value).append(LINE_FEED);
writer.flush();
}
/**
* Adds a upload file section to the request
*
* @param fieldName name attribute in <input type="file" name="..." />
* @param uploadFile a File to be uploaded
* @throws IOException
*/
public void addFilePart(String fieldName, File uploadFile)
throws IOException {
String fileName = uploadFile.getName();
writer.append("--" + boundary).append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append(
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name="" + fieldName
+ ""; filename="" + fileName + """)
.append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append(
"Content-Type: "
+ URLConnection.guessContentTypeFromName(fileName))
.append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary").append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append(LINE_FEED);
writer.flush();
FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(uploadFile);
byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
int bytesRead = -1;
while ((bytesRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
outputStream.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
}
outputStream.flush();
inputStream.close();
writer.append(LINE_FEED);
writer.flush();
}
/**
* Adds a header field to the request.
*
* @param name - name of the header field
* @param value - value of the header field
*/
public void addHeaderField(String name, String value) {
writer.append(name + ": " + value).append(LINE_FEED);
writer.flush();
}
/**
* Completes the request and receives response from the server.
*
* @return a list of Strings as response in case the server returned
* status OK, otherwise an exception is thrown.
* @throws IOException
*/
public String finish() throws IOException {
StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();
writer.append(LINE_FEED).flush();
writer.append("--" + boundary + "--").append(LINE_FEED);
writer.close();
// checks server's status code first
int status = httpConn.getResponseCode();
if (status == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
httpConn.getInputStream()));
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
response.append(line);
}
reader.close();
httpConn.disconnect();
} else {
throw new IOException("Server returned non-OK status: " + status);
}
return response.toString();
}
}
Para upload usted file junto con los parámetros.
NOTA: coloque este código a continuación en un hilo que no sea ui para obtener una respuesta.
String charset = "UTF-8";
String requestURL = "YOUR_URL";
MultipartUtility multipart = new MultipartUtility(requestURL, charset);
multipart.addFormField("param_name_1", "param_value");
multipart.addFormField("param_name_2", "param_value");
multipart.addFormField("param_name_3", "param_value");
multipart.addFilePart("file_param_1", new File(file_path));
String response = multipart.finish(); // response from server.
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