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¿Cómo hago una solicitud HTTP en Swift?

Solución:

Puedes usar URL, URLRequest y URLSession o NSURLConnection como lo haría normalmente en Objective-C. Tenga en cuenta que para iOS 7.0 y posterior, URLSession se prefiere.

Utilizando URLSession

Inicializar un URL objeto y un URLSessionDataTask de URLSession. Luego ejecuta la tarea con resume().

let url = URL(string: "http://www.stackoverflow.com")!

let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: url) (data, response, error) in
    guard let data = data else  return 
    print(String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)!)


task.resume()

Utilizando NSURLConnection

Primero, inicialice un URL y un URLRequest:

let url = URL(string: "http://www.stackoverflow.com")!
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.httpMethod = "POST"

Luego, puede cargar la solicitud de forma asincrónica con:

NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request, queue: OperationQueue.main) (response, data, error) in
    guard let data = data else  return 
    print(String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)!)

O puede inicializar un NSURLConnection:

let connection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate:nil, startImmediately: true)

Solo asegúrese de configurar su delegado en algo diferente a nil y utilizar los métodos de delegado para trabajar con la respuesta y los datos recibidos.

Para obtener más detalles, consulte la documentación del NSURLConnectionDataDelegate protocolo

Prueba en un patio de juegos de Xcode

Si desea probar este código en un campo de juegos de Xcode, agregue import PlaygroundSupport a su patio de recreo, así como la siguiente convocatoria:

PlaygroundPage.current.needsIndefiniteExecution = true

Esto le permitirá utilizar código asincrónico en parques infantiles.

Verifique los siguientes códigos:

1. SynchonousRequest

Swift 1.2

    let urlPath: String = "YOUR_URL_HERE"
    var url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)!
    var request1: NSURLRequest = NSURLRequest(URL: url)
    var response: AutoreleasingUnsafeMutablePointer=nil
    var dataVal: NSData =  NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(request1, returningResponse: response, error:nil)!
    var err: NSError
    println(response)
    var jsonResult: NSDictionary = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(dataVal, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: &err) as? NSDictionary
    println("Synchronous(jsonResult)")

Swift 2.0 +

let urlPath: String = "YOUR_URL_HERE"
    let url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)!
    let request1: NSURLRequest = NSURLRequest(URL: url)
    let response: AutoreleasingUnsafeMutablePointer=nil


    do

        let dataVal = try NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(request1, returningResponse: response)

            print(response)
            do 
                if let jsonResult = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(dataVal, options: []) as? NSDictionary 
                    print("Synchronous(jsonResult)")
                
             catch let error as NSError 
                print(error.localizedDescription)
            



    catch let error as NSError
    
         print(error.localizedDescription)

2. Solicitud asíncrona

Swift 1.2

let urlPath: String = "YOUR_URL_HERE"
    var url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)!
    var request1: NSURLRequest = NSURLRequest(URL: url)
    let queue:NSOperationQueue = NSOperationQueue()
    NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request1, queue: queue, completionHandler: (response: NSURLResponse!, data: NSData!, error: NSError!) -> Void in
        var err: NSError
        var jsonResult: NSDictionary = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: nil) as NSDictionary
        println("Asynchronous(jsonResult)")
       )

Swift 2.0 +

let urlPath: String = "YOUR_URL_HERE"
    let url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)!
    let request1: NSURLRequest = NSURLRequest(URL: url)
    let queue:NSOperationQueue = NSOperationQueue()

    NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request1, queue: queue, completionHandler: (response: NSURLResponse?, data: NSData?, error: NSError?) -> Void in

        do 
            if let jsonResult = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data!, options: []) as? NSDictionary 
                print("ASynchronous(jsonResult)")
            
         catch let error as NSError 
            print(error.localizedDescription)
        


    )

3. Como conexión de URL habitual

Swift 1.2

    var dataVal = NSMutableData()
    let urlPath: String = "YOUR URL HERE"
    var url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)!
    var request: NSURLRequest = NSURLRequest(URL: url)
    var connection: NSURLConnection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self, startImmediately: true)!
    connection.start()

Luego

 func connection(connection: NSURLConnection!, didReceiveData data: NSData!)
    self.dataVal?.appendData(data)



func connectionDidFinishLoading(connection: NSURLConnection!)

    var error: NSErrorPointer=nil

    var jsonResult: NSDictionary = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(dataVal!, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: error) as NSDictionary

    println(jsonResult)

Swift 2.0 +

   var dataVal = NSMutableData()
    let urlPath: String = "YOUR URL HERE"
    var url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)!
    var request: NSURLRequest = NSURLRequest(URL: url)
    var connection: NSURLConnection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self, startImmediately: true)!
    connection.start()

Luego

func connection(connection: NSURLConnection!, didReceiveData data: NSData!)
    dataVal.appendData(data)



func connectionDidFinishLoading(connection: NSURLConnection!)


    do 
        if let jsonResult = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(dataVal, options: []) as? NSDictionary 
            print(jsonResult)
        
     catch let error as NSError 
        print(error.localizedDescription)

4. Solicitud POST asíncrona

Swift 1.2

    let urlPath: String = "YOUR URL HERE"
    var url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)!
    var request1: NSMutableURLRequest = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)

    request1.HTTPMethod = "POST"
     var stringPost="deviceToken=123456" // Key and Value

    let data = stringPost.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)

    request1.timeoutInterval = 60
    request1.HTTPBody=data
    request1.HTTPShouldHandleCookies=false

    let queue:NSOperationQueue = NSOperationQueue()

     NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request1, queue: queue, completionHandler: (response: NSURLResponse!, data: NSData!, error: NSError!) -> Void in


        var err: NSError

        var jsonResult: NSDictionary = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: nil) as NSDictionary
        println("AsSynchronous(jsonResult)")


        )

Swift 2.0 +

let urlPath: String = "YOUR URL HERE"
    let url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)!
    let request1: NSMutableURLRequest = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)

    request1.HTTPMethod = "POST"
    let stringPost="deviceToken=123456" // Key and Value

    let data = stringPost.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)

    request1.timeoutInterval = 60
    request1.HTTPBody=data
    request1.HTTPShouldHandleCookies=false

    let queue:NSOperationQueue = NSOperationQueue()

    NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request1, queue: queue, completionHandler: (response: NSURLResponse?, data: NSData?, error: NSError?) -> Void in

        do 
            if let jsonResult = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data!, options: []) as? NSDictionary 
                print("ASynchronous(jsonResult)")
            
         catch let error as NSError 
            print(error.localizedDescription)
        


    )

5. Solicitud GET asíncrona

Swift 1.2

    let urlPath: String = "YOUR URL HERE"
    var url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)!
    var request1: NSMutableURLRequest = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)

    request1.HTTPMethod = "GET"
    request1.timeoutInterval = 60
    let queue:NSOperationQueue = NSOperationQueue()

     NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request1, queue: queue, completionHandler: (response: NSURLResponse!, data: NSData!, error: NSError!) -> Void in


        var err: NSError

        var jsonResult: NSDictionary = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: nil) as NSDictionary
        println("AsSynchronous(jsonResult)")


        )

Swift 2.0 +

let urlPath: String = "YOUR URL HERE"
    let url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)!
    let request1: NSMutableURLRequest = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)

    request1.HTTPMethod = "GET"
    let queue:NSOperationQueue = NSOperationQueue()

    NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request1, queue: queue, completionHandler: (response: NSURLResponse?, data: NSData?, error: NSError?) -> Void in

        do 
            if let jsonResult = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data!, options: []) as? NSDictionary 
                print("ASynchronous(jsonResult)")
            
         catch let error as NSError 
            print(error.localizedDescription)
        


    )

6. Carga de imagen (archivo)

Swift 2.0 +

  let mainURL = "YOUR_URL_HERE"

    let url = NSURL(string: mainURL)
    let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url!)
    let boundary = "78876565564454554547676"
    request.addValue("multipart/form-data; boundary=(boundary)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")


    request.HTTPMethod = "POST" // POST OR PUT What you want
    let session = NSURLSession(configuration:NSURLSessionConfiguration.defaultSessionConfiguration(), delegate: nil, delegateQueue: nil)

    let imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(UIImage(named: "Test.jpeg")!, 1)





    var body = NSMutableData()

    body.appendData("--(boundary)rn".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)

    // Append your parameters

    body.appendData("Content-Disposition: form-data; name="name"rnrn".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)
    body.appendData("PREMKUMARrn".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding, allowLossyConversion: true)!)
    body.appendData("--(boundary)rn".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)

    body.appendData("Content-Disposition: form-data; name="description"rnrn".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)
    body.appendData("IOS_DEVELOPERrn".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding, allowLossyConversion: true)!)
    body.appendData("--(boundary)rn".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)


    // Append your Image/File Data

    var imageNameval = "HELLO.jpg"

    body.appendData("--(boundary)rn".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)
    body.appendData("Content-Disposition: form-data; name="profile_photo"; filename="(imageNameval)"rn".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)
    body.appendData("Content-Type: image/jpegrnrn".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)
    body.appendData(imageData!)
    body.appendData("rn".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)

    body.appendData("--(boundary)--rn".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!)

    request.HTTPBody = body




    let dataTask = session.dataTaskWithRequest(request)  (data, response, error) -> Void in

        if error != nil 

            //handle error


        
        else 




            let outputString : NSString = NSString(data:data!, encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding)!
            print("Response:(outputString)")


        
    
    dataTask.resume()

Otra opcion es la Alamofire lib que ofrece métodos de solicitud / respuesta encadenables.

https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire

Hacer una solicitud

import Alamofire

Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get")

Manejo de respuestas

Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get", parameters: ["foo": "bar"])
         .response  request, response, data, error in
              print(request)
              print(response)
              print(error)

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